How Does Pregnancy Affect Your Gums?
Pregnancy does not necessarily cause gum disease or gingivitis. However, if you already have gingivitis before pregnancy, it can worsen during pregnancy. Gingivitis often increases in severity throughout pregnancy, peaking during the third trimester. Localized sores or lesions called gingival enlargements can also occur in patients who have gingivitis during pregnancy, which may bleed and cause pain. However, these symptoms usually recede a few months after birth.
Pregnancy also causes changes in the soft tissue around the gums due to changes in saliva composition, which can lead to the progression of gingivitis and an increased risk of tooth decay. Severe gum disease, or periodontitis, also increases in severity during pregnancy. Periodontitis in women is linked to premature birth and low birth weight, with studies showing that approximately 18% of premature births can be associated with periodontal disease. Therefore, it is crucial to maintain good oral health throughout pregnancy and inform your dentist of your pregnancy, so they can adjust your treatment accordingly.